Orthographic
Asha'ille
[1] 11 Eyen'lle
[2] Jhor'nes t'ccat asakín. [3] Mlirev asakín ne va'aea 'sa vae'iseni. [4] Vae'va aea mlireva ne kalagam. [5] Kén chifilei ne va'aea, t'ves virevjar ne kalagam.[6] 12 Eyen'lle
[7] Ojo virevjar eshír aghir ne asakín? [8] Virevjar aghir ne asakín, [9] t'vesik vo ne kalagam 'sa vae'va aea k'. [10] Cha'gyarov Rab, t'ves cha'virev ne aghir.[11] 13 Eyen'lle
[12] Jhor'Nel t'vilo chiruman. [13] Kén'i ne uvam 'sa vae'chiruman. [14] Kéneith Nel ne uvam, t'ves di'ay nagovto Nel nom. [15] Virevkeith ne uvam.[16] 14 Eyen'lle
[17] Kénko edh carnen 'sa eshír. [18] Jhor'no t'kokashen. [19] Mlirev Meri n'o 'sa vola'erúm seith. [20] Aljheveith ne eshír kokashen.[21] 15 Eyen'lle — Do'llav
[22] Kén'i ne uvam 'sa vae'chiruman. [23] Nagovdoteith Tam n'om. [24] Jhor'Tam t'kokashen. [25] Sirev erú seith ne iseni. [26] Aljhev Nel n'o. [27] Sirev edh asakín ne va'aea, egik eshír. [28] Di'ay gyarov virev Meri ne kalagam.English
[1] Lesson XI
[2] This is a fat hen. [3] The hen has a nest in the box. [4] She has eggs in the nest. [5] A cat sees the nest, and can get the eggs.[6] Lesson XII
[7] Can this old fox catch the hen? [8] The fox can catch the hen, [9] and get the eggs in the nest. [10] Run, Rab, and catch the fox.[11] Lesson XIII
[12] Nell is by the pond. [13] I see ducks on the pond. [14] Nell sees the ducks, and will feed them. [15] She cannot get the ducks.[16] Lesson XIV
[17] This old man cannot see. [18] He is blind. [19] Mary holds him by the hand. [20] She is kind to the old blind man.[21] Lesson XV
[22] I see ducks on the pond. [23] Tom will feed them. [24] Tom is blind. [25] He holds a box in his hand. [26] Nell is kind to him. [27] This old hen has a nest. [28] Mary will run and get the eggs.Parts of Speech Legend
- adj
- adjective
- adv
- adverb
- conj
- conjunction
- cop
- copula
- epen
- mi
- modifier
- n
- noun
- part
- particle
- pl
- plural
- poss
- pro
- pro-form
- prop
- proper name
- prsn
- person
- tns
- tense
- v
- verb
Interlinear
orthographic version |
morphemic breakdown |
IPA pronunciation |
part of speech |
English translation |
[1] 11 | Eyen'lle |
eyen'lle | |
ɛjɛnlə̆ˈlɛ | |
n | |
?? | lesson |
[1] Lesson XI |
Jhor'nes | t'ccat | asakín. | ||
jhor- | nes | te | ccat | asakín |
ʒoɹ | nɛs | tɛ | kə̆ˈkɑt | ɑsɑˈkin |
cop | pro | conj | adj | n |
EQUIV: | this | and | fat | hen |
This is a fat hen. |
Mlirev | asakín | ne | va'aea | 'sa | vae'iseni. | ||
mlirev | asakín | ne | va'aea | alun- | -sa | vae | iseni |
mlɪˈɹɛv | ɑsɑˈkin | nɛ | vɑˈʔe.ɑ | ɑˈlun | sɑ | ve | ɪˈsɛnɪ |
v | n | mi | mi | mi | adv | n | |
have | hen | OBJ: | nest | PREV | 1 | WHERE: | box |
The hen has a nest in the box. |
Vae'va aea | mlireva | ne | kalagam. | |||
vae | va'aea | mlirev | -a | ne | kalaga | -im |
ve | vɑˈʔe.ɑ | mlɪˈɹɛv | ɑ | nɛ | kɑˈlɑɡɑ | mˈ̍ |
adv | v | prsn | mi | n | pl | |
WHERE: | nest | have | 3SF | OBJ: | egg | PL |
She has eggs in the nest. |
Kén | chifilei | ne | va'aea, | t'ves | virevjar | ne | kalagam. | ||||
kénillev | chifilei | ne | va'aea | te | ves | virev | -j- | -ar | ne | kalaga | -im |
ˈkɛnɪlɛv | t͡ʃɪˈfɪle | nɛ | vɑˈʔe.ɑ | tɛ | vɛs | vɪˈɹɛv | d͡ʒ | ɑɹ | nɛ | kɑˈlɑɡɑ | mˈ̍ |
v | n | mi | conj | adv | v | part | prsn | mi | n | pl | |
see | housecat | OBJ: | nest | and | WHILE: | catch | able | 3SM | OBJ: | egg | PL |
A cat sees the nest, and can get the eggs. |
[6] 12 | Eyen'lle |
eyen'lle | |
ɛjɛnlə̆ˈlɛ | |
n | |
?? | lesson |
[6] Lesson XII |
Ojo | virevjar | eshír | aghir | ne | asakín? | ||
ojo | virev | -j- | -ar | eshír | aghir | ne | asakín |
ˈod͡ʒo | vɪˈɹɛv | d͡ʒ | ɑɹ | ɛˈʃiɹ | ɑˈxiɹ | nɛ | ɑsɑˈkin |
v | part | prsn | adj | n | mi | n | |
Y/N | catch | able | 3SM | old | fox | OBJ: | hen |
Can this old fox catch the hen? |
Virevjar | aghir | ne | asakín, | ||
virev | -j- | -ar | aghir | ne | asakín |
vɪˈɹɛv | d͡ʒ | ɑɹ | ɑˈxiɹ | nɛ | ɑsɑˈkin |
v | part | prsn | n | mi | n |
catch | able | 3SM | fox | OBJ: | hen |
The fox can catch the hen, |
t'vesik | vo | ne | kalagam | 'sa | vae'va aea | k'. | ||||
te | vesik | vo | ne | kalaga | -im | alun- | -sa | vae | va'aea | kesik |
tɛ | ˈvɛsɪk | vo | nɛ | kɑˈlɑɡɑ | mˈ̍ | ɑˈlun | sɑ | ve | vɑˈʔe.ɑ | ˈkɛsɪk |
conj | adv | pro | mi | n | pl | mi | mi | adv | adv | |
and | THEN: | PRO-VERB | OBJ: | egg | PL | PREV | 1 | WHERE: | nest | :THEN |
and get the eggs in the nest. |
Cha'gyarov | Rab, | t'ves | cha'virev | ne | aghir. | |||
cha- | gyarov | Rab | te | ves | cha- | virev | ne | aghir |
t͡ʃɑ | ɡjɑˈɹov | rɑb | tɛ | vɛs | t͡ʃɑ | vɪˈɹɛv | nɛ | ɑˈxiɹ |
v | prop | conj | adv | v | mi | n | ||
IMP | run | Rob | and | WHILE: | IMP | catch | OBJ: | fox |
Run, Rab, and catch the fox. |
[11] 13 | Eyen'lle |
eyen'lle | |
ɛjɛnlə̆ˈlɛ | |
n | |
?? | lesson |
[11] Lesson XIII |
Jhor'Nel | t'vilo | chiruman. | ||
jhor- | Nel | te | vilo | chiruman |
ʒoɹ | nɛl | tɛ | ˈvilo | t͡ʃɪˈɹumɑn |
cop | prop | conj | adv | n |
EQUIV: | Nell | and | NEAR: | lake |
Nell is by the pond. |
Kén'i | ne | uvam | 'sa | vae'chiruman. | ||||
kénillev | -ni | ne | uva | -im | alun- | -sa | vae | chiruman |
ˈkɛnɪlɛv | ni | nɛ | ˈuvɑ | mˈ̍ | ɑˈlun | sɑ | ve | t͡ʃɪˈɹumɑn |
v | prsn | mi | n | pl | mi | mi | adv | n |
see | SELF | OBJ: | waterfowl | PL | PREV | 1 | WHERE: | lake |
I see ducks on the pond. |
Kéneith | Nel | ne | uvam, | t'ves | di'ay | nagovto | Nel | nom. | ||||||
kénillev | -eith | Nel | ne | uva | -im | te | ves | di'ay | nagov | -t- | -o | Nel | no | -im |
ˈkɛnɪlɛv | eθ | nɛl | nɛ | ˈuvɑ | mˈ̍ | tɛ | vɛs | diˈʔɑi | nɑˈɡov | t | ɔ | nɛl | no | mˈ̍ |
v | prsn | prop | mi | n | pl | conj | adv | tns | v | part | epen | prop | n | pl |
see | acq ring | Nell | OBJ: | waterfowl | PL | and | WHILE: | FUT | eat | CAUS | (NULL) | Nell | it | PL |
Nell sees the ducks, and will feed them. |
Virevkeith | ne | uvam. | |||
virev | -k- | -eith | ne | uva | -im |
vɪˈɹɛv | k | eθ | nɛ | ˈuvɑ | mˈ̍ |
v | part | prsn | mi | n | pl |
catch | unable | acq ring | OBJ: | waterfowl | PL |
She cannot get the ducks. |
[16] 14 | Eyen'lle |
eyen'lle | |
ɛjɛnlə̆ˈlɛ | |
n | |
?? | lesson |
[16] Lesson XIV |
Kénko | edh | carnen | 'sa | eshír. | |||
kénillev | -k- | -o | edh | carnen | alun- | -sa | eshír |
ˈkɛnɪlɛv | k | ɔ | ɛð | ˈcɑɹnɛn | ɑˈlun | sɑ | ɛˈʃiɹ |
v | part | epen | adj | n | mi | mi | adj |
see | unable | (NULL) | this | man | PREV | 1 | old |
This old man cannot see. |
Jhor'no | t'kokashen. | ||
jhor- | no | te | kokashen |
ʒoɹ | no | tɛ | koˈkɑʃɛn |
cop | n | conj | n |
EQUIV: | it | and | blind person |
He is blind. |
Mlirev | Meri | n'o | 'sa | vola'erúm | seith. | |||||
mlirev | Meri | ne | no | alun- | -sa | vola | erú | -im | s- | -eith |
mlɪˈɹɛv | ˈmɛɹi | nɛ | no | ɑˈlun | sɑ | ˈvolɑ | mˈ̍ | s | eθ | |
v | prop | mi | n | mi | mi | adv | pl | poss | prsn | |
have | Mary | OBJ: | it | PREV | 1 | WHERE: | ?? | PL | POSS: | acq ring |
Mary holds him by the hand. |
Aljheveith | ne | eshír | kokashen. | |
aljhev | -eith | ne | eshír | kokashen |
ɑlˈʒɛv | eθ | nɛ | ɛˈʃiɹ | koˈkɑʃɛn |
v | prsn | mi | adj | n |
be kind | acq ring | OBJ: | old | blind person |
She is kind to the old blind man. |
[21] 15 | Eyen'lle | — Do'llav |
eyen'lle | do'llav | |
ɛjɛnlə̆ˈlɛ | dolə̆ˈlɑv | |
n | v | |
?? | lesson | review |
[21] Lesson XV |
Kén'i | ne | uvam | 'sa | vae'chiruman. | ||||
kénillev | -ni | ne | uva | -im | alun- | -sa | vae | chiruman |
ˈkɛnɪlɛv | ni | nɛ | ˈuvɑ | mˈ̍ | ɑˈlun | sɑ | ve | t͡ʃɪˈɹumɑn |
v | prsn | mi | n | pl | mi | mi | adv | n |
see | SELF | OBJ: | waterfowl | PL | PREV | 1 | WHERE: | lake |
I see ducks on the pond. |
Nagovdoteith | Tam | n'om. | ||||||
nagov | -d- | -o | -t- | -eith | Tam | ne | no | -im |
nɑˈɡov | d | ɔ | t | eθ | tɑm | nɛ | no | mˈ̍ |
v | tns | epen | part | prsn | prop | mi | n | pl |
eat | FUT | (NULL) | CAUS | acq ring | Tom | OBJ: | it | PL |
Tom will feed them. |
Jhor'Tam | t'kokashen. | ||
jhor- | Tam | te | kokashen |
ʒoɹ | tɑm | tɛ | koˈkɑʃɛn |
cop | prop | conj | n |
EQUIV: | Tom | and | blind person |
Tom is blind. |
Sirev | erú | seith | ne | iseni. | |
sirev | erú | s- | -eith | ne | iseni |
sɪˈɹɛv | s | eθ | nɛ | ɪˈsɛnɪ | |
v | poss | prsn | mi | n | |
have | ?? | POSS: | acq ring | OBJ: | box |
He holds a box in his hand. |
Aljhev | Nel | n'o. | |
aljhev | Nel | ne | no |
ɑlˈʒɛv | nɛl | nɛ | no |
v | prop | mi | n |
be kind | Nell | OBJ: | it |
Nell is kind to him. |
Sirev | edh | asakín | ne | va'aea, | egik | eshír. |
sirev | edh | asakín | ne | va'aea | egik | eshír |
sɪˈɹɛv | ɛð | ɑsɑˈkin | nɛ | vɑˈʔe.ɑ | ˈɛɡɪk | ɛˈʃiɹ |
v | adj | n | mi | mi | adj | |
have | this | hen | OBJ: | nest | SUBJ: | old |
This old hen has a nest. |
Di'ay | gyarov | virev | Meri | ne | kalagam. | |
di'ay | gyarov | virev | Meri | ne | kalaga | -im |
diˈʔɑi | ɡjɑˈɹov | vɪˈɹɛv | ˈmɛɹi | nɛ | kɑˈlɑɡɑ | mˈ̍ |
tns | v | v | prop | mi | n | pl |
FUT | run | catch | Mary | OBJ: | egg | PL |
Mary will run and get the eggs. |